:root {
  --paper: #f7f5f0;
  --paper-raise: #fdfcf8;
  --paper-tint: #eeebe1;
  --ink: #2a2924;
  --ink-soft: #514d42;
  --ink-mute: #6f6a5c;
  --rule: #dcd7c8;
  --rule-soft: #e8e4d8;
  --accent: #3d5a4c;
  --accent-soft: #74907f;
  --accent-wash: #e2e9e3;
  --pad: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2rem);
  --measure: 65ch;
  --display: 'Fraunces', 'Times New Roman', Georgia, serif;
  --body: 'Literata', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --mono: 'IBM Plex Mono', ui-monospace, monospace;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
  html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
}
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  font-feature-settings: 'kern', 'liga';
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}
::selection { background: var(--accent-wash); color: var(--ink); }
a, summary { touch-action: manipulation; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; }
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: -9999px;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 40;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}
.skip-link:focus { left: 0; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *, *::before, *::after { transition: none !important; animation: none !important; }
}

/* ============ TOP NAV ============ */
nav.topnav {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  background: var(--paper);
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 20;
}
nav.topnav .nav-inner {
  max-width: 1320px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0.7rem var(--pad);
  display: flex;
  gap: clamp(1rem, 3vw, 2.5rem);
  align-items: baseline;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
nav.topnav a.brand {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.35rem 0;
}
nav.topnav a.brand em { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent); }
nav.topnav ul.nav-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  gap: clamp(0.85rem, 2vw, 1.6rem);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
nav.topnav ul.nav-list a {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.6rem 0.1rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: color 0.15s, border-color 0.15s;
}
nav.topnav ul.nav-list a:hover,
nav.topnav ul.nav-list a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--accent);
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent-soft);
}
nav.topnav ul.nav-list a[aria-current] {
  color: var(--ink);
  border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}

/* ============ LAYOUT ============ */
.shell {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr);
  max-width: 1320px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--pad);
}
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .shell.with-toc {
    grid-template-columns: 260px minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 4rem;
    padding: 0 3rem;
  }
}

/* ============ MASTHEAD ============ */
header.masthead {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: clamp(2.25rem, 6vw, 3.5rem) 0 clamp(1.75rem, 5vw, 2.75rem);
  margin-bottom: clamp(1.75rem, 5vw, 3rem);
}
header.masthead .eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  margin: 0 0 1.4rem;
}
header.masthead h1 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5.5vw, 3.3rem);
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0 0 1.2rem;
  text-wrap: balance;
  max-width: 24ch;
}
header.masthead h1 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 500; }
header.masthead .lede {
  font-size: clamp(1.02rem, 1.4vw, 1.15rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  max-width: 58ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-weight: 400;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}
header.masthead .meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.6rem;
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
header.masthead .meta span strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; margin-right: 0.4em; }

/* ============ TOC ============ */
/* Mobile: a collapsed <details> box between masthead and article.
   Desktop (≥1024px): a quiet sticky sidebar, opened by the page script. */
.toc { font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.5; margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }
.toc-box {
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--paper-raise);
  padding: 0.3rem 1.1rem;
}
.toc-box summary {
  list-style: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  padding: 0.65rem 0;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
}
.toc-box summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.toc-box summary::after {
  content: '+';
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--accent-soft);
  line-height: 1;
}
.toc-box[open] summary::after { content: '\2212'; }
.toc-box[open] summary {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.toc ol { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; counter-reset: toc; }
.toc li {
  counter-increment: toc;
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  align-items: baseline;
  border-bottom: 1px dashed var(--rule-soft);
}
.toc li:last-child { border-bottom: 0; }
.toc li::before {
  content: counter(toc, decimal-leading-zero);
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  color: var(--accent-soft);
  flex: 0 0 auto;
}
.toc a {
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 0.45rem 0;
  flex: 1;
  transition: color 0.15s;
}
.toc a:hover, .toc a:focus-visible { color: var(--accent); }
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .toc {
    position: sticky;
    top: 4.5rem;
    max-height: calc(100dvh - 6rem);
    overflow-y: auto;
    margin-bottom: 0;
    padding-right: 1.25rem;
    border-right: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
  }
  .toc-box { border: 0; border-radius: 0; background: transparent; padding: 0; }
  .toc-box summary { padding-top: 0; }
  .toc-box[open] summary { border-bottom: 0; margin-bottom: 0.4rem; }
}

/* ============ LONG-FORM CONTENT ============ */
main.content {
  max-width: var(--measure);
  padding-bottom: 6rem;
  min-width: 0;
  font-size: clamp(1.0625rem, 1.02rem + 0.22vw, 1.15rem);
  line-height: 1.62;
  overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

/* part dividers (source h1s after the document title is stripped) */
main.content h1 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 2.4vw, 1.7rem);
  font-style: italic;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin: 5.5rem 0 0;
  padding-top: 2.5rem;
  border-top: 3px double var(--rule);
}

main.content h2 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2rem);
  line-height: 1.18;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  margin: 4.5rem 0 1.4rem;
  scroll-margin-top: 5.5rem;
  text-wrap: balance;
  position: relative;
  padding-top: 2rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
main.content h2:first-of-type { margin-top: 0; border-top: none; padding-top: 0; }

main.content h3 {
  font-family: var(--body);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.05em;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin: 2.6rem 0 0.9rem;
  scroll-margin-top: 5.5rem;
  color: var(--ink);
}
main.content h4 {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  margin: 2rem 0 0.6rem;
}

.anchor {
  position: absolute;
  left: -1.4em;
  top: 2.05rem;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--rule);
  text-decoration: none;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.15s, color 0.15s;
}
main.content h2:first-of-type .anchor { top: 0.05rem; }
h2:hover .anchor, .anchor:focus-visible { opacity: 1; color: var(--accent); }
@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .anchor { display: none; }
}

main.content p { margin: 0 0 1.1em; text-wrap: pretty; }
main.content strong { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }

main.content blockquote {
  border-left: 2px solid var(--accent-soft);
  padding: 0.4rem 0 0.4rem 1.4rem;
  margin: 1.6rem 0;
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 1.02em;
  line-height: 1.58;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
}
main.content blockquote p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

main.content a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent-soft);
  transition: text-decoration-color 0.15s;
}
main.content a:hover { text-decoration-color: var(--accent); }

/* h2s draw their own top rule — hr stays pure whitespace */
main.content hr { border: 0; margin: 2.5rem 0; height: 1px; background: transparent; }

main.content ul, main.content ol { padding-left: 1.3rem; margin: 0 0 1.1em; }
main.content li { margin: 0.45em 0; }
main.content li li { font-size: 0.95em; }

/* ref → gloss handbook bullets: the leading italic ref reads as a hanging tag */
main.content li > em:first-child {
  font-style: normal;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.78em;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  color: var(--accent);
}

main.content pre {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  background: var(--paper-tint);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 1.6rem 0;
  color: var(--ink);
}
main.content code {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.82em;
  background: var(--paper-tint);
  padding: 0.1em 0.35em;
  border-radius: 3px;
}
main.content pre code { background: transparent; padding: 0; font-size: 1em; }

/* tables: a soft card that scrolls sideways when it must */
main.content .table-wrap {
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 1.8rem 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--paper-raise);
}
main.content table {
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  width: 100%;
  margin: 0;
}
main.content th, main.content td {
  padding: 0.55rem 0.9rem;
  text-align: left;
  vertical-align: top;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule-soft);
}
main.content th {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
main.content tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: 0; }
@media (hover: hover) {
  main.content tbody tr:hover td { background: var(--paper-tint); }
}

/* ============ INDEX: SECTIONS + CARDS ============ */
section.index-section { margin-bottom: 4.5rem; }
section.index-section > h2 {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-bottom: 0.6rem;
  margin: 0 0 1.6rem;
}
.card-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(min(320px, 100%), 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}
a.card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--paper-raise);
  padding: 1.5rem 1.5rem 1.35rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink);
  transition: border-color 0.18s;
}
@media (hover: hover) {
  a.card:hover { border-color: var(--accent-soft); }
}
a.card:focus-visible { border-color: var(--accent); }
a.card .card-eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
}
a.card h3 {
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  line-height: 1.18;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin: 0;
  text-wrap: balance;
}
a.card h3 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent); }
a.card .card-sub {
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--ink-soft);
  line-height: 1.45;
}
a.card .card-desc {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  line-height: 1.6;
  flex: 1;
}
a.card .card-meta {
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.66rem;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.2rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* the newest study reads as the lead story */
a.card.lead { grid-column: 1 / -1; padding: clamp(1.5rem, 4vw, 2.25rem); }
a.card.lead h3 { font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3.5vw, 2.1rem); }
a.card.lead .card-sub { font-size: 1rem; }
a.card.lead .card-desc { max-width: 62ch; }

/* ============ FOOTER ============ */
footer.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  margin-top: 2rem;
}
footer.site-footer .footer-inner {
  max-width: 1320px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 2rem var(--pad) 3rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  font-family: var(--mono);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--ink-mute);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}
footer.site-footer em { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent); }
footer.site-footer a { color: var(--ink-soft); text-decoration: none; }
footer.site-footer a:hover { color: var(--accent); }

@media print {
  nav.topnav, .toc, footer.site-footer { display: none; }
  main.content { max-width: none; }
}